“Why does anyone need a commentary to tell them what the Bible ‘really’ means?”
This question was put to me by someone on Facebook. It’s a fair question and it was followed by another:
“Isn’t God’s word clear enough on its own?”
The short answer is “no.” If the Bible was clear, we would all agree about everything in it and the church would be a shining beacon of peace and unity. If the Bible was clear, there wouldn’t be 40,000 denominations and we wouldn’t have 400 different English translations.
In truth, the Bible is clear; the problem lies with us. We don’t have the original manuscripts on which the Bible is based, and if we did, most of us would not be able to read them.
If the Bible seems unclear it is because our translations of it were written hundreds of years after the original texts in languages that did not exist at the time. Consequently, it’s easy to be confused by strange verses like this:
Wherever the corpse is, there the vultures will gather. (Matthew 24:28)
Do you know what that verse means? Most people wouldn’t have a clue, and this makes them susceptible to bad teaching. “It’s about moral corruption and God’s judgment on America.” “Jesus will return like a vulture.” “It’s about the rise of false Christs who are like carrion.”
This vulture quote from Jesus has been used to justify all sorts of wacky end-times stuff. But a decent Bible commentary will examine the translation (Jesus wasn’t talking about vultures) and the context to reveal what Jesus really was talking about.
How commentaries help
A good Bible commentary helps us understand scriptures by providing the context. It’s the context that provides the meaning. Consider this verse:
Women should remain silent in the churches. (1 Corinthians 14:34)
Do you know what that verse means? Many people think they do, yet there is little agreement.
On the basis of this verse, some say women can’t preach or teach in church. Others say women can teach children, but not men. A few say that women should remain tight-lipped during church services.
Then there are those who swing the other way. Paul was a misogynist, they say. His words were for another time and place. Women couldn’t speak in church then but they can speak now. Which means we can dismiss any scripture we don’t like as “out of date” and “not for us.”
Which is the thin edge of a bad wedge.
The man who wrote this verse – the apostle Paul – would have shuddered to see how we misinterpret his words. Paul not only encouraged women to speak, teach, sing, and prophesy in church, he expected it (Rom. 12:6–7, 1 Cor. 12:7, 14:5, 31). He was no misogynist. He was a champion of equality who named and praised women leaders.
It’s easy to misread this verse if you don’t know the context. Read the verse in isolation and you’ll miss the meaning.
Why did Paul say women should remain silent? He didn’t. He was repeating a question put to him by the Corinthians (“Should women remain silent?”) before giving them an emphatic answer (“No!”).
The first letter to the Corinthians is full of questions and answers like this, as any good commentary will tell you.
Why do I need a Bible commentary?
A good commentary will help you make sense of the Bible. It will turn the lights on and make things clear. Like a key, it will unlock doors to insight and understanding.
But only if it’s a good commentary.
A good commentary is one that reveals the good news of God’s goodness. A good commentary uses the written word to reveal the Living Word.
The Bible is like no other book ever written. Its purpose is to reveal the Author to humanity, and it accomplishes this using a variety of literary forms (psalms, poems, prophecies, letters, histories, etc.). The whole Bible was written so that you may believe that Jesus is the Son of God and have life in his name (see John 20:31).
Like the Bible itself, a good commentary inspires you to believe in Jesus and experience life in fellowship with him. Sadly, many commentaries fail this test.
Instead of promoting faith, they encourage dead works. Instead of inviting you to rest in the finished work of Christ, they force you to work. Instead of preaching the good news, they proclaim bad news, and the result is you are left anxious and insecure.
There are hundreds of commentaries and study Bibles and most of them, I’m sad to say, are riddled with mixture. They have good bits, but they also preach dead works and condemnation. They mix medicine with poison leaving you sick and anxious.
Thankfully, there is a simple test to determine whether the commentary you are using ministers life or death.
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